One of the biggest obstacles to the correct diagnosis of thyroid problems is that the symptoms mimic many other common conditions. For example, you might think that weight loss may be due to your increasingly sedentary lifestyle, or that the fatigue or irritability you are experiencing is extremely stressful because you are overworked in the workplace or even at home. However, sudden weight gain or weight loss, irritability, fatigue and muscle weakness are signs of thyroid disease.

The best way to determine the root cause of the abnormal symptoms you are experiencing is to see a doctor and have a thorough examination.

Common diagnostic methods

To diagnose if you have gland problems, your doctor will focus on heart, nerve, skin and eye exams. This is done using different types of tests and scans, depending on the results of the initial lookup.
The first test usually performed is the TSH or thyroid stimulating hormone test, which calculates the amount of hormone in the blood. Excess hormones indicate that the problem is due to overproduction, while below normal amounts indicate that the glands do not produce enough hormones.

Other blood tests may include Free T4, TSH receptor antibodies or TSI and Antithyroid antibodies.

In addition to blood tests, your doctor may perform a nuclear thyroid scan by injection or by asking you to swallow a small amount of radioactive iodine. An increase or decrease in iodine turnover may indicate hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

Thyroid ultrasound is another test that helps determine the number, size and type of nodules present in the gland.

Fine needle aspiration is another test procedure in which a doctor uses a fine needle to obtain a sample of the problem. This usually uses ultrasound as a guide. The tissue obtained under the microscope is then examined for any signs of cancer.

Effective treatment options

Since most factors are beyond the scope of home care, there is no family treatment for this condition. You must go to a doctor to get proper medical assessment and treatment.

Some of the more common non-invasive treatment options may include drugs and treatments using radioactive iodides. In most cases, both treatments are very effective in inhibiting or even completely stopping the production of hormones. However, sometimes, when a more aggressive approach is needed, the doctor may recommend surgery.

Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease was originally published on Spring